{"product_id":"drishti-ias-law-of-torts-class-notes-for-judiciary-exams-prelims-mains-updated-study-material-paperback-nov-24-2025-drishti-publications","title":"DRISHTI IAS Law of Torts Class Notes for Judiciary Exams, Prelims + Mains, Updated Study Material – English Medium","description":"\u003ch1 class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\"\u003eLaw of Torts – Class Notes for Judiciary Exams | English Medium\u003c\/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDrishti Judiciary’s\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLaw of Torts Class Notes\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eare designed for aspirants preparing for\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eJudiciary Exams, Judicial Services Examinations, Civil Judge Exams and State Judiciary Exams\u003c\/strong\u003e. The book offers structured coverage of core tort-law principles, important doctrines, liabilities, remedies and frequently tested areas such as\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003enegligence, vicarious liability, strict and absolute liability, nuisance, defamation, malicious prosecution, false imprisonment and consumer protection\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eKey Features\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eComplete Law of Torts Coverage:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eCovers 14 major chapters relevant to State Judiciary and Civil Judge examination preparation.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eConceptual Foundation:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eExplains the nature and definition of tort, civil wrongs, legal damage, tortious liability and distinction from crime and breach of contract.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eGeneral Defences:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eCovers consent, plaintiff as wrongdoer, Act of God, private defence, mistake, necessity, statutory authority, inevitable accident and trifles.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eRemedies in Tort:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eIncludes damages, injunctions, specific restitution and other judicial remedies available for civil wrongs.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eNegligence:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eExplains duty of care, breach, consequential damage and the distinction between civil and criminal negligence.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eNervous Shock \u0026amp; Remoteness of Damage:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eCovers liability for recognised psychiatric injury and principles relating to the extent of recoverable damage.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eVicarious \u0026amp; State Liability:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eCovers circumstances in which liability may arise for acts committed by another person, including employer and State-related liability.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eStrict \u0026amp; Absolute Liability:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eDetailed discussion of no-fault liability and the rule in\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRylands v. Fletcher\u003c\/strong\u003e, including dangerous things, escape and non-natural use of land.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDefamation:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eCovers libel, slander, publication and protection of reputation with relevant legal principles.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePrevious Years’ Judiciary Questions:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eIncludes questions from Judicial Services examinations such as DJS, BJS and RJS for exam-oriented preparation.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eJudiciary Trend Analysis:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eIncludes Law of Torts question and marks trends for states such as Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and Uttarakhand across previous examination years.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCase Law Based Approach:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eConcepts are supported by important judicial decisions such as\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAshby v. White, Donoghue v. Stevenson, Rylands v. Fletcher\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eand other leading tort cases.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eAbout this Book\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLaw of Torts Class Notes for Judiciary Exams\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eprovide a systematic introduction to one of the core areas of civil law. The book explains tort as a civil wrong involving violation of a legal right, generally remedied through unliquidated damages.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe introductory section discusses the\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003enature and definition of tort\u003c\/strong\u003e, essential elements of tortious liability, legal damage,\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cem\u003einjuria sine damno\u003c\/em\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eand\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cem\u003edamnum sine injuria\u003c\/em\u003e. It also explains how the Law of Torts differs from criminal law and contract law.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe material further discusses the theoretical development of tort law, including the\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLaw of Tort vs Law of Torts debate\u003c\/strong\u003e, Winfield’s wider theory and Salmond’s pigeon-hole theory. Important cases such as\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cem\u003eAshby v. White\u003c\/em\u003e,\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cem\u003eRylands v. Fletcher\u003c\/em\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eand\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cem\u003eDonoghue v. Stevenson\u003c\/em\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eare used to explain the development of tortious liability.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eComplete Chapter Coverage\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e1. Nature and Definition\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCovers:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMeaning and Definition of Tort\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTort as a Civil Wrong\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUnliquidated Damages\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEssentials of Tort\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAct or Omission\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLegal Damage\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInjuria Sine Damno\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDamnum Sine Injuria\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLaw of Tort vs Law of Torts\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTort and Crime\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTort and Breach of Contract\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMental Element in Tort\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMalice in Law \u0026amp; Malice in Fact\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCapacity to Sue and Be Sued\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe introductory discussion explains that tortious liability generally arises from breach of a duty fixed by law and focuses on infringement of legal rights.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e2. General Defences\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eImportant general defences include:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDefence of Consent\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVolenti Non Fit Injuria\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePlaintiff as Wrongdoer\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAct of God \/ Vis Major\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrivate Defence\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMistake\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNecessity\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStatutory Authority\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInevitable Accident\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eActs Causing Slight Harm \/ Trifles\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e3. Remedies\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe book covers both\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ejudicial and extra-judicial remedies\u003c\/strong\u003e. Judicial remedies include:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDamages\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInjunction\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSpecific Restitution of Property\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e4. Negligence\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis section explains negligence through:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDuty of Care\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBreach of Duty\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConsequential Damage\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStandard of a Reasonable Person\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCivil Negligence\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCriminal Negligence\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eImportant Judicial Interpretations\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe material refers to cases such as\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBlyth v. Birmingham Water Works Co.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eand\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eJacob Mathew v. State of Punjab\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003ewhile explaining the constituents of actionable negligence.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e5. Nervous Shock\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCovers liability arising from\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003emental injury or medically recognised psychiatric illness\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003ecaused by negligent or wrongful acts.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e6. Remoteness of Damage\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eExplains the principles used to determine whether the damage suffered by a claimant is sufficiently connected with the wrongful act to attract liability.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e7. Vicarious Liability Including State Liability\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCovers circumstances in which one person or entity may be held responsible for the tortious conduct of another, including employment relationships and State liability.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e8. Strict and Absolute Liability\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis section covers:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNo-Fault Liability\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRule in\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRylands v. Fletcher\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDangerous Things\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEscape\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNon-Natural Use of Land\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStrict Liability\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAbsolute Liability\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe notes explain that strict liability may arise even without intention or negligence when inherently risky activities cause damage.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e9. Joint Tortfeasors\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eExplains liability where two or more persons participate in or contribute to the commission of a tort.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e10. Nuisance\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCovers interference with the use and enjoyment of property and related tortious principles.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e11. Conspiracy\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eExplains civil conspiracy and circumstances in which concerted action causing unlawful injury may attract tortious liability.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e12. Defamation\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Defamation chapter covers:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMeaning of Defamation\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInjury to Reputation\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePublication\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLibel\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSlander\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDifference between Libel \u0026amp; Slander\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eImportant Defences and Legal Principles\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe book defines defamation as injury caused to another person’s reputation through words, writing, signs or other representations and distinguishes between\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003elibel and slander\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e13. Malicious Prosecution \u0026amp; False Imprisonment\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCovers important intentional torts relating to wrongful prosecution and unlawful restraint of personal liberty.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e14. Consumer Protection Act, 1986\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe book links consumer protection with principles of tort law and discusses issues such as:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConsumer Rights\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDefective or Substandard Products\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMisleading Claims\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eManufacturer Liability\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConsumer Remedies\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConsumer Protection Movement\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe material connects consumer protection with the principle\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eubi jus ibi remedium\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eand discusses manufacturer liability through cases including\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cem\u003eDonoghue v. Stevenson\u003c\/em\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003ePrevious Years’ Judiciary Questions\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe notes include\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePrevious Years’ Questions\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003edirectly within the chapters to support Judiciary Mains-oriented preparation.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eQuestions cover areas such as:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTort vs Crime\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTort vs Breach of Contract\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDefinition and Nature of Tort\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMalice in Law vs Malice in Fact\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTortious Liability\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLaw of Tort vs Law of Torts\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe PDF includes PYQs from examinations such as\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDelhi Judicial Service, Bihar Judicial Service and Rajasthan Judicial Service\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eJudiciary Exam Trend Analysis\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA dedicated\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLaw of Torts Trend Analysis\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eshows the number and marks of questions asked across multiple examination years in\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDelhi, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and Uttarakhand Judiciary examinations\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis gives aspirants an examination-oriented view of the recurring importance of Law of Torts in State Judicial Services.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eIdeal For\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis book is suitable for candidates preparing for\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eJudiciary Exams, Judicial Services Examination, Civil Judge Exam, State Judiciary Exams, Delhi Judiciary, Uttar Pradesh Judiciary, Bihar Judiciary, Rajasthan Judiciary, Uttarakhand Judiciary and other law competitive examinations\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is particularly useful for aspirants searching for\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLaw of Torts Judiciary Notes, Tort Law Book for Judiciary, Civil Judge Law Books, Judiciary Class Notes, Negligence Law Notes, Defamation Law Notes, Strict Liability Notes and Judicial Services Study Material\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"DRISHTI PUBLICATIONS","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":51332927160600,"sku":"DP23226","price":174.0,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0961\/2686\/1592\/files\/81Vt7KiNAfL.jpg?v=1765456657","url":"https:\/\/drishtipublications.com\/products\/drishti-ias-law-of-torts-class-notes-for-judiciary-exams-prelims-mains-updated-study-material-paperback-nov-24-2025-drishti-publications","provider":"Drishti Publications","version":"1.0","type":"link"}